Writing	N=15    24%	Writing Invented spelling letter formation Text-based writing Language Experience writing performance historical writing assisted writing w think sheets Literary argument writing moves using sources text structure writing peer-reviewing writing mini-lesson, peer conf, revision argument tasks composition queer literacy
Words	N=13    21%	Morphological analysis Word forming with phonemes morphological awareness Word knowledge Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary word identification oral vocabulary word learning morphemes and transfer vocabulary instruction word structure, morphology
Comprehension	N=8    13%	Differentiating for comprehension Comprehension Comprehension social studies Reading motivation and comprehension knowledge activation/comprehension reading comp strategies comprehension, vocab, morph, syntax comprehension content literacy
Books	N=6    10%	Mentor Texts leveled books Self-selected reading Muslim literature leveled text/ listen read discuss classroom library
Affect	N=6    10%	affective evaluation dialogical approach remedial curriculum remedial reading classroom spaces care in classrooms
Scaffolding	N=5   8%	scaffolded summer reading Scaffolding reading shared reading Rereading for Fluency, Word Work, and Guided Oral guided reading questions
Cognitive strategies	N=4    6%	Strategy Internet reading Rereading collaborative strategic reading Reading strategies
Language	N=3    5%	Standard lang privilege book clubs emergent bilingual mother tongue reading
Semiotic	N=2    3%	Semiotic landscape schooled literacy sign making